Trying to join client to domain? Authentication pops up, followed by this error: An attempt to resolve the DNS name of a domain controller in the domain being joined has failed. Please verify this client is configured to reach a DNS server that can resolve DNS names in the target domain. For information about network troubleshooting, see Windows Help.

Solution:
there is one simple solution for this error. You just need to manually configure the DNS server on client PC which you are trying to join into domain. Here are the steps you can do the same:
Following steps are applicable on Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows10:
- Open Control Panel and select Network and Sharing Centre. Alternatively you can right-click the network status icon on the system tray (bottom-right of the screen, near volume controls).
- Click Change adapter settings on the left pane.
- Right-click the Internet connection you want to change DNS servers for and select Properties.
- Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP / IPv4) and click Properties.

- Click the button next to Use the following DNS server addresses: and enter the DNS server addresses of your choice. Click OK when you’re done.

- If you are not sure what DNS server you should enter, then you can enter the IP of your domain controller server as most of the time Domain Controller also hosts the DNS server.
Click OK. Now try to join the domain. This time it will work! Good Day!
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Source: Microsoft